Based on the industrial energy consumption and economic and social index of Anhui Provinee from 2004 to 2018, the trend of CO2 emission was analyzed by Environmental Kuznets Curve and factor decomposition method. The results show that industrial energy consumption in Anhui leads to an increase in CO2 emission year by year. The contribution of CO2 emission increases from 66.2% in 2004 to 77.8% in 2013, and then slowly decreases to 77.3% in 2018. The carbon intensity of energy structureis the main factor of CO2 emission. The inflection point of CO2 emission is between RMB 32500~35900 per capita GDP. Scale effect-GDP per capita, structural effect and technological effect are the main factors affecting industrial carbon emission in Anhui. The prediction result shows that the carbon dioxide emission intensity of Anhui will drop to 0.283 t CO2/10000 yuan in 2022.