Abstract:land mining areas,No.1 open-pit coal mine in Shengli Mining District of Beidian,Inner Mongolia wastaken as the study area. Different methods of soil reconstruction and maturation were set up. Then soilbulk density,organic matter content,total nitrogen content,available phosphorus content,available po⁃tassium content,field water holding capacity and pH value were selected to establish a comprehensivesoil fertility evaluation system. The spatial variability characteristics and distribution pattern of biomassand comprehensive fertility index were determined by the combination of GIS and geographicalstatistics. The results show that the soil fertility index will be the best when the soil reconstruction meth⁃od is that the mixture ratio of rock and soil stripped material,coal gangue and fly ash in the surface lay⁃er of 50 cm is 3 ∶ 4 ∶ 3,and the lower part is the natural accumulation of mining stripping. The matura⁃tion method has little effect on the soil fertility. The vegetation grows best when the soil reconstructionmethod is that the mixture ratio of soil stripped material,coal gangue and fly ash in the surface layer of50 cm is 3 ∶ 4 ∶ 3,and the maturation method is that plow and plant alfalfa in that year,turn alfalfa intosoil and plant alfalfa again by the end of the year.363 Close-