Abstract:of reaction processes on the performance of microbial electrolytic cell (MEC) and the electricity pro⁃duction of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were summarized. The treatment efficiency of the BES couplingsystem was analyzed, and the fate of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistancegenes (ARGs) was discussed. The analysis shows that in MEC, the magnitude of applied voltageaffects the degradation efficiency of antibiotics, and the cathode provides electrons and reduces antibiot⁃ics. The effective removal of antibiotics in BES mainly depends on the co-metabolic degradation or di⁃rect oxidation in the anode. Antibiotics can act as the only electron donor and the only carbon source forMFC power generation. Some coupling systems are more energy-saving and efficient in the removal ofantibiotics without external power supply. During the degradation of antibiotics, low currents can facili⁃tate the propagation of ARGs through vertical gene transfer (VGT) and horizontal gene transfer(HGT), while high currents are expected to eliminate ARB and ARGs. Close-