In order to achieve efficient purification of industrial organic waste gas, the reaction mechanism of the catalytic combustion process of multi-component VOCs and the structure-activity relationship of the catalyst were explored. The research progress of catalytic combustion of multi-component VOCs was summarized. The "mixed reaction" characteristics of different components of VOCs on catalysts were summarized. The main factors affecting the catalytic reaction process were analyzed. The design approach of multi-component VOCs catalyst was proposed, and the research direction of multi-component VOCs catalytic control was looked forward. The analysis shows that the "mixing effects" among multi-component VOCs are influenced by the properties of VOCs and catalysts, reaction temperature, reaction products and other factors. Generally, "mixing effects" are observed in three forms of one-way interference, mutual interference and mutual independence. The catalytic reaction behavior of multi-component VOCs was significantly affected by the competitive adsorption among VOCs (or between VOC molecules and reactive oxygen species) and accelerated desorption of products.